Drug Details

General Information of the Drug (ID: DR2461)
Name
Ganciclovir
Synonyms
ganciclovir; 82410-32-0; Cytovene; Gancyclovir; Vitrasert; Zirgan; RS-21592; Ganciclovirum; Cymevene; BW-759U; 2-Amino-9-(((1,3-dihydroxypropan-2-yl)oxy)methyl)-1H-purin-6(9H)-one; Virgan; BW 759U; 2'-NDG; 9-[(1,3-Dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]guanine; UNII-P9G3CKZ4P5; 9-((2-Hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethoxy)methyl)guanine; MFCD00870588; 9-(1,3-DIHYDROXY-PROPOXYMETHANE)GUANINE; GA2; CHEBI:465284; 2-amino-9-{[(1,3-dihydroxypropan-2-yl)oxy]methyl}-6,9-dihydro-3H-purin-6-one; 9-((1,3-Dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl)guanine; Guanine, 9-((2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethoxy)methyl)-; Hydroxyacyclovir; P9G3CKZ4P5; 2-amino-9-{[(1,3-dihydroxypropan-2-yl)oxy]methyl}-1,9-dihydro-6H-purin-6-one; MLS000028481; 2-(6-Amino-purin-9-ylmethoxy)-propane-1,3-diol; 2-amino-9-((1,3-dihydroxypropan-2-yloxy)methyl)-1H-purin-6(9H)-one; Ganciclovir, 98%; NCGC00015471-02; HHEMG; SMR000058324; 2-amino-9-(1,3-dihydroxypropan-2-yloxymethyl)-1H-purin-6-one; Biolf 62; Ganciclovirum [Latin]; 2-amino-9-((1,3-dihydroxypropan-2-yloxy)methyl)-9H-purin-6-ol; CAS-82410-32-0; 2-amino-9-((1,3-dihydroxypropan-2-yloxy)methyl)-3H-purin-6(9H)-one; 2-Amino-9-(2-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethyl-ethoxymethyl)-1,9-dihydro-purin-6-one; 2-amino-9-(2-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethylethoxymethyl)-6,9-dihydro-1H-6-purinone; DSSTox_CID_21032; DSSTox_RID_79613; DSSTox_GSID_41032; 2'-Nor-2'-deoxyguanosine; BIOLF-62; 9-[[2-Hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethoxy]methyl]guanine; Citovirax; Cymevan; Cymeven; BW-B 759U; 2-(2-Amino-1,6-dihydro-6-oxo-purin-9-yl)methoxy-1,3-propanediol; DRG-0018; 2-amino-9-(((1,3-dihydroxypropan-2-yl)oxy)methyl)-1,9-dihydro-6H-purin-6-one; Vitrasert (TN); BW 759; Cytovene (TN); CCRIS 9212; HSDB 6512; SR-01000075894; GCV & MSL; Ganciclovir (JAN/USP/INN); 2-amino-9-[[2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethoxy]methyl]-1H-purin-6-one; Ganciclovir,(S); 2-Amino-1,9-((2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethoxy)methyl)-6-H-purin-6-one; BW-795; MB3795; Prestwick_1068; ST-605; Zirgan (TN); 6H-Purin-6-one, 2-amino-1,9-dihydro-9-((2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethoxy)methyl)-; GCV & 1110U81; Ganciclovir [USAN:USP:INN:BAN:JAN]; Opera_ID_284; 2-amino-9-(1,3-dihydroxypropan-2-yloxymethyl)-3H-purin-6-one; Prestwick0_000839; Prestwick1_000839; Prestwick2_000839; Prestwick3_000839; Lopac-G-2536; CHEMBL182; EC 627-054-3; G 2536; SCHEMBL3033; Lopac0_000539; BSPBio_000797; MLS001077349; BIDD:GT0783; SPBio_002718; BPBio1_000877; ZINC1505; DTXSID8041032; methyl)-1H-purin-6(9H)-one; SCHEMBL14491348; BDBM85707; HMS1570H19; HMS2090K08; HMS2097H19; HMS2235C21; HMS3259B13; HMS3261L19; HMS3371H01; HMS3604L19; HMS3655M18; HMS3714H19; Pharmakon1600-01502362; ACT03317; BCP12705; NSC_3454; Tox21_110160; Tox21_500539; ANW-47031; BBL029078; BDBM50237614; NSC759656; PDSP1_000816; PDSP2_000803; s1878; SBB066292; STK801910; STL514515; 2-amino-9-[[2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethoxy]methyl]-3H-purin-6-one; AKOS004119898; AKOS026749928; AKOS037492029; Tox21_110160_1; Valganciclovir hydrochloride impurity a; AC-8069; CCG-204629; CS-2014; DB01004; Ganciclovir, >=99% (HPLC), powder; KS-1065; LP00539; MCULE-9512761592; NC00647; NE60398; NSC 759656; NSC-759656; SDCCGSBI-0050522.P002; 2-Amino-1,9-dihydro-9-((2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethoxy)methyl)-6H-purin-6-one; 2-Amino-9-(((1,3-dihydroxypropan-2-yl)oxy)methyl)-6,9-dihydro-1H-purin-6-one; SMP2_000038; NCGC00015471-01; NCGC00015471-03; NCGC00015471-04; NCGC00015471-05; NCGC00015471-06; NCGC00015471-08; NCGC00015471-16; NCGC00093928-01; NCGC00093928-02; NCGC00168567-01; NCGC00188980-01; NCGC00261224-01; 9-(1,3-dihydroxy-2propoxymethyl)guanine; AK-76645; HY-13637; SY027981; 9-(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxymethyl)guanine; AB0012496; CAS_82410-32-0; 2-amino-9-((1,3-dihydroxypropan-2-yloxy); 9-(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxymethyl)-guanine; EU-0100539; FT-0611007; FT-0668948; G0315; SW197135-3; EN300-49857; A11645; C07019; D00333; J10127; 40034-EP2377510A1; Ganciclovir 100 microg/mL in Acetonitrile:Water; 410G320; 9-[[(1,3-Dihydroxy-2-propyl)oxy]methyl]guanine; A840322; Ganciclovir, Antibiotic for Culture Media Use Only; Q417640; SR-01000721941; Q-201148; SR-01000075894-1; SR-01000075894-4; SR-01000721941-3; Z1259084907; Ganciclovir, European Pharmacopoeia (EP) Reference Standard; 2-[(2-amino-6-hydroxy-9H-purin-9-yl)methoxy]propane-1,3-diol; 2-azanyl-9-[1,3-bis(oxidanyl)propan-2-yloxymethyl]-3H-purin-6-one; Ganciclovir, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard; 2-amino-9-{[2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethoxy]methyl}hydropurin-6-one; Ganciclovir, Pharmaceutical Secondary Standard; Certified Reference Material; 2-amino-9-{[2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethoxy]methyl}-1,9-dihydro-6H-purin-6-one; Ganciclovir, 1.0 mg/mL (1% 1M HCl in Methanol), certified reference material; Guanine, 9-((2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethoxy)methyl)- and MSL, neutralizing monoclonal antibody
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Molecular Type
Small molecule
Disease Virus infection [ICD-11: 1D90-1D9Z] Approved [1]
Structure
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2D MOL

3D MOL

ADMET Property
BDDCS Class
Biopharmaceutics Drug Disposition Classification System (BDDCS) Class 3: high solubility and low permeability
Clearance
The drug present in the plasma can be removed from the body at the rate of 4.6 mL/min/kg
Elimination
91% of drug is excreted from urine in the unchanged form
Half-life
The concentration or amount of drug in body reduced by one-half in 2.5 - 3.6 hours
Metabolism
The drug is not metabolised
MRTD
The Maximum Recommended Therapeutic Dose (MRTD) of drug that ensured maximising efficacy and moderate side effect is 78.3591 micromolar/kg/day
Unbound Fraction
The unbound fraction of drug in plasma is 0.99%
Vd
The volume of distribution (Vd) of drug is 0.74 +/- 0.15 L/kg
Water Solubility
The ability of drug to dissolve in water is measured as 6 mg/mL
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    Click to Show/Hide the Molecular Information and External Link(s) of This Natural Product
Formula
C9H13N5O4
PubChem CID
135398740
Canonical SMILES
C1=NC2=C(N1COC(CO)CO)N=C(NC2=O)N
InChI
1S/C9H13N5O4/c10-9-12-7-6(8(17)13-9)11-3-14(7)4-18-5(1-15)2-16/h3,5,15-16H,1-2,4H2,(H3,10,12,13,17)
InChIKey
IRSCQMHQWWYFCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N
CAS Number
CAS 82410-32-0
ChEBI ID
CHEBI:465284
TTD Drug ID
D05ARP
DrugBank ID
DB01004
Combinatorial Therapeutic Effect(s) Validated Clinically or Experimentally
    α. A List of Natural Product(s) Able to Enhance the Efficacy of This Drug
          Arsenic trioxide      Realgar and orpiment     Click to Show/Hide the Molecular Data of This NP
                 Achieving Therapeutic Synergy     Click to Show/Hide
                    Representative Experiment Reporting the Effect of This Combination [2]
                    Detail(s)  Combination Info  click to show the detail info of this combination
                    In-vivo Model CNE1 < BX1 > cells (7.5*106 cells/mouse) were trypsinized and mixed with growth factor reduced matrigel and injected subcutaneously on the right flank of each mouse.
                    Experimental
                    Result(s)		 Co-treatment with arsenic trioxide and ganciclovir reduces tumor volume in a murine xenograft model of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
          Tricin      Ephedra sinica     Click to Show/Hide the Molecular Data of This NP
                 Achieving Therapeutic Synergy     Click to Show/Hide
                    Representative Experiment Reporting the Effect of This Combination [3]
                    Detail(s)  Combination Info  click to show the detail info of this combination
                    Molecule(s)
                    Regulation		 Down-regulation Expression pbp2a  Molecule Info 
Pathway MAP
                    Biological
                    Regulation		 Reduction Effective drug dose
                    In-vitro Model MRC-5 CVCL_0440 Healthy Homo sapiens
                    Experimental
                    Result(s)		 Expression of the HCMV UL54 gene was significantly inhibited by combination of GCV with tricin when compared with GCV mono-treatment.
Target and Pathway
Target(s) Herpes simplex virus DNA polymerase UL30 (HSV UL30)  Molecule Info  [4]
References
Reference 1 Natural products as sources of new drugs over the last 25 years. J Nat Prod. 2007 Mar;70(3):461-77.
Reference 2 Co-treatment with arsenic trioxide and ganciclovir reduces tumor volume in a murine xenograft model of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Virol J. 2013 May 16;10:152.
Reference 3 Synergistic effects by combination of ganciclovir and tricin on human cytomegalovirus replication in vitro. Antiviral Res. 2016 Jan;125:79-83.
Reference 4 Application of real time polymerase chain reaction to the diagnosis and treatment of cytomegalovirus infection after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Zhonghua Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi. 2009 Feb;30(2):77-81.
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