Drug Combination Details

General Information of the Combination (ID: C65690)
Name Sulforaphane   NP Info  + Clofarabine   Drug Info 
Structure +
Disease
Breast cancer [ICD-11: 2C60]
Investigative [1]
Combinatorial Therapeutic Effect(s) Validated Clinically or Experimentally
    α. Enhancing Drug Efficacy by This Combination
                 Achieving Therapeutic Synergy     Click to Show/Hide
                    Experiment 1 Reporting the Effect of This Combination [2]
                    Molecule(s)
                    Regulation		 Up-regulation Expression CDKN1A  Molecule Info 
Pathway MAP
Down-regulation Expression PTEN  Molecule Info 
Pathway MAP
Down-regulation Expression RAB40B  Molecule Info 
Pathway MAP
Up-regulation Expression TP53  Molecule Info 
Pathway MAP
                    In-vitro Model MDA-MB-231 CVCL_0062 Breast adenocarcinoma Homo sapiens
MCF-7 CVCL_0031 Invasive breast carcinoma Homo sapiens
                    Experimental
                    Result(s)		 The combination of SFN and ClF results in an increase in cell growth arrest and apoptosis at a non-invasive breast cancer stage.
                    Experiment 2 Reporting the Effect of This Combination [1]
                    Molecule(s)
                    Regulation		 Down-regulation Expression CDKN2A  Molecule Info 
Pathway MAP
                    In-vitro Model MDA-MB-231 CVCL_0062 Breast adenocarcinoma Homo sapiens
MCF-7 CVCL_0031 Invasive breast carcinoma Homo sapiens
                    Experimental
                    Result(s)		 clofarabine in combination with sulforaphane, a phytochemical from cruciferous vegetables, significantly reactivates DNA methylation-silenced CDKN2A tumour suppressor and inhibits cancer cell growth at a non-invasive breast cancer stage.
                 Augmenting Drug Sensitivity     Click to Show/Hide
                    Experiment 1 Reporting the Effect of This Combination [1]
                    Molecule(s)
                    Regulation		 Up-regulation Expression CDKN2A  Molecule Info 
Pathway MAP
                    In-vitro Model MCF-7 CVCL_0031 Invasive breast carcinoma Homo sapiens
MDA-MB-231 CVCL_0062 Breast adenocarcinoma Homo sapiens
                    Experimental
                    Result(s)		 Clofarabine in combination with sulforaphane significantly reactivates DNA methylation-silenced CDKN2A tumour suppressor and inhibits cancer cell growth at a non-invasive breast cancer stage.
References
Reference 1 Inhibition of breast cancer cell growth by the combination of clofarabine and sulforaphane involves epigenetically mediated CDKN2A upregulation. Nucleosides Nucleotides Nucleic Acids. 2018;37(5):280-289.
Reference 2 Sulforaphane Alone and in Combination with Clofarabine Epigenetically Regulates the Expression of DNA Methylation-Silenced Tumour Suppressor Genes in Human Breast Cancer Cells. J Nutrigenet Nutrigenomics. 2015;8(2):91-101.
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