Drug Details

General Information of the Drug (ID: DR2080)
Name
Topotecan
Synonyms
Hycamptamine; Hycamptin; Hycamtamine; Topotecane; Topotecanum; Topotecan lactone; SKF 104864; SKF-S 104864; TOPOTECAN, HYCAMTIN; Topotecan (BAN); Topotecan [INN:BAN]; Topotecane [INN-French]; Topotecanum [INN-Latin]; Topotecan Monohydrochloride, (S)-Isomer; (4S)-10-[(dimethylamino)methyl]-4-ethyl-4,9-dihydroxy-1H-pyrano[3',4':6,7]indolizino[1,2-b]quinoline-3,14(4H,12H)-dione; (S)-10-((Dimethylamino)methyl)-4-ethyl-4,9-dihydroxy-1H-pyrano(3',4':6,7)indolizino(1,2-b)quinoline-3,14(4H,12H)-dione; (S)-10-[(DIMETHYLAMINO)METHYL]-4-ETHYL-4,9-DIHYDROXY-1H-PYRANO[3',4':6,7]INOLIZINO[1,2-B]-QUINOLINE-3,14(4H,12H)-DIONE; (S)-10-[(Dimethylamino)methyl]-4-ethyl-4,9-dihydroxy-1H-pyrano[3',4':6,7]indolizino[1,2-b]-quinoline-3,14(4H,12H)-dione; (S)-10-[(Dimethylamino)methyl]-4-ethyl-4,9-dihydroxy-1H-pyrano[3',4':6,7]indolizino[1,2-b]quinoline-3,14(4H,12H)-dione; 9-Dimethylaminomethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin
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Molecular Type
Small molecule
Disease Ovarian cancer [ICD-11: 2C73] Approved [1]
Structure
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2D MOL

3D MOL

ADMET Property
BDDCS Class
Biopharmaceutics Drug Disposition Classification System (BDDCS) Class 3: high solubility and low permeability
Clearance
The drug present in the plasma can be removed from the body at the rate of 13 mL/min/kg
Elimination
40% of drug is excreted from urine in the unchanged form
Half-life
The concentration or amount of drug in body reduced by one-half in 2 - 3 hours
MRTD
The Maximum Recommended Therapeutic Dose (MRTD) of drug that ensured maximising efficacy and moderate side effect is 6.1572 micromolar/kg/day
Unbound Fraction
The unbound fraction of drug in plasma is 0.65%
Vd
Fluid volume that would be required to contain the amount of drug present in the body at the same concentration as in the plasma 1.8 L/kg
Water Solubility
The ability of drug to dissolve in water is measured as 1 mg/mL
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    Click to Show/Hide the Molecular Information and External Link(s) of This Natural Product
Formula
C23H23N3O5
PubChem CID
60700
Canonical SMILES
CCC1(C2=C(COC1=O)C(=O)N3CC4=CC5=C(C=CC(=C5CN(C)C)O)N=C4C3=C2)O
InChI
1S/C23H23N3O5/c1-4-23(30)16-8-18-20-12(9-26(18)21(28)15(16)11-31-22(23)29)7-13-14(10-25(2)3)19(27)6-5-17(13)24-20/h5-8,27,30H,4,9-11H2,1-3H3/t23-/m0/s1
InChIKey
UCFGDBYHRUNTLO-QHCPKHFHSA-N
CAS Number
CAS 123948-87-8
GDSC
Topotecan
TTD Drug ID
D02PMO
DrugBank ID
DB01030
Combinatorial Therapeutic Effect(s) Validated Clinically or Experimentally
    α. A List of Natural Product(s) Able to Enhance the Efficacy of This Drug
          Daidzein      Glycine max     Click to Show/Hide the Molecular Data of This NP
                 Achieving Therapeutic Synergy     Click to Show/Hide
                    Representative Experiment Reporting the Effect of This Combination [2]
                    Detail(s)  Combination Info  click to show the detail info of this combination
                    Molecule(s)
                    Regulation		 Down-regulation Expression ABCG2  Molecule Info 
Pathway MAP
Up-regulation Expression BAX  Molecule Info 
Pathway MAP
Down-regulation Expression BCL-2  Molecule Info 
Pathway MAP
                    In-vitro Model MCF-7 CVCL_0031 Invasive breast carcinoma Homo sapiens
                    In-vivo Model Adult female athymic nude mice (six-week-old) were injected with MCF7 cells (5*106 cells/mouse) to construct subcutaneous breast cancer xenografts.
                    Experimental
                    Result(s)		 Daidzein enhances the anticancer effect of topotecan and reverses BCRP-mediated drug resistance in breast cancer.
          Genistein      Glycine max     Click to Show/Hide the Molecular Data of This NP
                 Achieving Therapeutic Synergy     Click to Show/Hide
                    Representative Experiment Reporting the Effect of This Combination [3]
                    Detail(s)  Combination Info  click to show the detail info of this combination
                    Molecule(s)
                    Regulation		 Up-regulation Expression CASP3  Molecule Info 
Pathway MAP
Up-regulation Expression CASP9  Molecule Info 
Pathway MAP
                    In-vitro Model LNCaP CVCL_0395 Prostate carcinoma Homo sapiens
                    Experimental
                    Result(s)		 Genistein-topotecan combination was significantly more efficacious in reducing LNCaP cell viability compared with either genistein or topotecan alone.
          Thymoquinone      Nigella sativa     Click to Show/Hide the Molecular Data of This NP
                 Achieving Therapeutic Synergy     Click to Show/Hide
                    Representative Experiment Reporting the Effect of This Combination [4]
                    Detail(s)  Combination Info  click to show the detail info of this combination
                    Molecule(s)
                    Regulation		 Up-regulation Expression BAX  Molecule Info 
Pathway MAP
Up-regulation Expression BCL-2  Molecule Info 
Pathway MAP
Up-regulation Expression CASP3  Molecule Info 
Pathway MAP
Up-regulation Expression CASP9  Molecule Info 
Pathway MAP
Up-regulation Expression TP53  Molecule Info 
Pathway MAP
                    In-vitro Model U-937 CVCL_0007 Adult acute monocytic leukemia Homo sapiens
                    Experimental
                    Result(s)		 Thymoquinone, when combined with topotecan in noncytotoxic doses, produced synergistic antiproliferative and proapoptotic effects in AML cells.
          Vincristine      Catharanthus roseus     Click to Show/Hide the Molecular Data of This NP
                 Achieving Therapeutic Synergy     Click to Show/Hide
                    Representative Experiment Reporting the Effect of This Combination [5]
                    Detail(s)  Combination Info  click to show the detail info of this combination
                    In-vitro Model Rh18 CVCL_1659 Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma Homo sapiens
D283 Med CVCL_1155 Medulloblastoma Homo sapiens
Daoy CVCL_1167 Medulloblastoma Homo sapiens
SJ-GBM2 CVCL_M141 Glioblastoma Homo sapiens
NB-EB Neuroblastoma Homo sapiens
RMSs Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma Homo sapiens
                    Experimental
                    Result(s)		 The therapeutic effect of combining topotecan with vincristine was greater than additive in most tumor models of childhood solid tumors tested.
Target and Pathway
Target(s) DNA topoisomerase I (TOP1)  Molecule Info  [6]
NetPath Pathway IL2 Signaling Pathway Click to Show/Hide
Panther Pathway DNA replication Click to Show/Hide
Pathway Interaction Database Caspase Cascade in Apoptosis Click to Show/Hide
WikiPathways Integrated Pancreatic Cancer Pathway Click to Show/Hide
References
Reference 1 URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 7101).
Reference 2 Functional daidzein enhances the anticancer effect of topotecan and reverses BCRP-mediated drug resistance in breast cancer. Pharmacol Res. 2019 Sep;147:104387.
Reference 3 Anticancer activities of genistein-topotecan combination in prostate cancer cells. J Cell Mol Med. 2012 Nov;16(11):2631-6.
Reference 4 Antiproliferative and proapoptotic effects of topotecan in combination with thymoquinone on acute myelogenous leukemia. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk. 2014 Sep;14 Suppl:S46-55.
Reference 5 Synergy of topotecan in combination with vincristine for treatment of pediatric solid tumor xenografts. Clin Cancer Res. 1999 Nov;5(11):3617-31.
Reference 6 Drugs@FDA. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services.
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